Abstract: Objective To explore the role of Magnetic resonance imaging(MRI) in the diagnosis of moyamoya disease(MMD) at early stage. Methods The MRI features of 28 consecutive cases of MMD patients at early stage who were diagnosed by digital subtraction angiography and treated in our hospital from April 2016 to August 2021 were analyzed retrospectively. Results More than 2 abnormal flow voids in basal ganglia were observed among 9(32.1％) MMD patients and 15(31.2％) hemispheres. Abnormal flow voids in the sylvian valley were observed among 26(92.9％) MMD patients and 44(91.7％) hemispheres. In the 5 MMD patients presented with transient ischemic attack(TIA ), abnormal flow voids in the sylvian valley were observed among 4(80％) MMD patients and 8(80％) hemispheres. 20(71.4%) MMD patients showed that the horizontal segment of middle cerebral artery was slim. Conclusion Full understanding the clinical characteristics and the MRI findings of MMD at early stage will contribute to the early diagnosis and treatment of MMD, which reduce misdiagnosis and missed diagnosis.

Key words: Moyamoya disease, Magnetic resonance imaging, Diagnosis, Image

摘要： 目的 探讨头颅磁共振平扫在早期烟雾病诊断中的作用以及分析早期烟雾病临床误诊、漏诊原因。方法 回顾性分析中国科学技术大学附属第一医院(安徽省立医院)神经外科2016年4月至2021年8月连续收治的28例经数字减影血管造影确诊的早期烟雾病患者,并分析其头颅磁共振平扫的特点。结果 9(32.1％)例MMD患者,共15(31.2％)侧大脑半球出现基底节区2个或以上异常血管流空影;26(92.9％)例MMD患者,共44(91.7％)侧大脑半球侧裂可见异常血管流空影。以TIA为首发症状的早期5例MMD患者中,有4(80％)例患者,8(80％)侧大脑半球侧裂可见异常血管流空影。结论 充分认识烟雾病临床特点及早期烟雾病的头颅磁共振平扫表现,将有助于烟雾病的早期诊断以及早期治疗,减少误诊、漏诊。

关键词: 烟雾病, 磁共振, 诊断, 影像学